Diesel fuel

Diesel fuel is intended for high-speed diesel and gas-turbine engines of land and ship equipment. Conditions of a smeseobrazovaniye and ignition of fuel in diesels differ from those in carburetor engines. Advantage of the first is the possibility of implementation of high extent of compression (to 18 in high-speed diesels) owing to what specific fuel consumption in them is 25-30% lower, than in carburetor engines.
At the same time diesels differ in bigger complexity in production, big dimensions. On profitability and reliability of work diesels successfully compete with carburetor engines.
Main operational indicators of diesel fuel:
the cetane number defining high power and economic rates of operation of the engine;
the fractional structure defining completeness of combustion, smoke and toxicity of the fulfilled engine gases;
the viscosity and density providing normal supply of fuel, a raspylivaniye in the combustion chamber and operability of system of filtering;
the low-temperature properties defining functioning of a power supply system at negative ambient temperatures and fuel storage conditions;
the purity degree characterizing reliability of operation of filters of rough and thin cleaning and tsilindro-piston group of the engine;
the flash temperature defining safety conditions of use of fuel in diesels;
the existence of sulphurous connections, unsaturated hydrocarbons and metals characterizing a nagaroobrazovaniye, corrosion and wear.
 Range, quality and composition of diesel fuels 
The oil-processing industry runs diesel fuel in accordance with GOST of 305-82 three brands: L - summer, applied at temperatures of air above 0 °C; З - winter, applied at temperatures up to -20 °C (in this case winter diesel fuel has to have zast. <-35 °C and the item <-25 °C), or the winter, applied at temperatures up to -30 °C, then fuel has to have zast. <-45 °C and item <-35 °C); And - Arctic which temperature of application is up to -50 °C. Content of sulfur in diesel fuel of brands L and Z does not exceed 0,2% - for the I type of fuel and 0,5 - for the II type of fuel, and brand A - 0,4%.
For satisfaction of need for diesel fuel development and use of fuel with a temperature of hardening of 0 °C without rationing of temperature of turbidity are allowed in coordination with the consumer. According to GOST 305-82 the following symbol of diesel fuel is accepted: summer fuel is ordered taking into account the content of sulfur and temperature of flash (L-0,2-40), winter - taking into account the content of sulfur and temperature of hardening (Z-0,2-minus 35).